Öz
Eğitimde dijital dönüşüm artık sadece teknolojik bir yenilik değil; stratejik liderliğinde yeniden tanımlandığı bir süreçtir. Bu araştırma, okul yöneticilerinin yapay zekâ (YZ) teknolojilerine yönelik algılarını ve tutumlarını incelemeyi, bu tutumları şekillendiren faktörleri ve kurumsal uygulamalar üzerindeki etkilerini araştırmayı amaçlamaktadır. Karma yöntem yaklaşımı kullanılarak, çalışma 203 okul yöneticisinden anket yoluyla nicel veriler topladı ve YZ teknolojilerini aktif olarak kullanan 13 yöneticiyle yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmeler gerçekleştirdi. Nicel sonuçlar, yöneticilerin YZ'ye genel olarak olumlu tutum sergilediğini, özellikle verimliliği ve karar alma süreçlerini iyileştirme potansiyeli konusunda olumlu görüş bildirdiklerini, ortalama puanların en yüksek olduğu alanların yenilikçi liderlik ve performans artırma olduğunu gösterdi. Bununla birlikte, etik farkındalık ve veri gizliliği ile ilgili alanlarda daha düşük puanlar bulundu. Nitel bulgular ayrıca, yöneticilerin YZ'yi kanıta dayalı yönetim ve iletişim için destekleyici bir araç olarak algıladıklarını, ancak kurumsal rehberlik ve mesleki gelişim ihtiyacını vurguladıklarını ortaya koydu. Genel olarak, çalışma, yöneticilerin YZ'yi sadece teknik bir araç olarak değil, dönüşüm odaklı liderliğin temel bir itici gücü olarak gördüklerini vurgulamaktadır.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Yapay zekâ, Okul yöneticisi, Okul müdürü, Eğitim müdürü, Eğitim lideri, Eğitim yönetimi
Kaynakça
- Adedeji, I. O. (2025). Impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on school administrators’ responsibilities. Jigawa Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies, 8(1), 543-550. https://jjms.com.ng/index.php/jjms/article/view/77
- Alonso, R. R., Carvajal, K. A., & Acevedo, N. R. (2025). Role of artificial intelligence in the personalization of distance education: A systematic review. RIED-Revista Iberoamericana de Educación a Distancia, 28(1). https://www.redalyc.org/journal/3314/331479376002/331479376002.pdf
- Anwar, S., & Saraih, U. N. (2024). Digital leadership in the digital era of education: Enhancing knowledge sharing and emotional intelligence. International Journal of Educational Management, 38(6), 1581-1611. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEM-11-2023-0540
- Aoun, J. E. (2017). Robot-proof: Higher education in the age of artificial intelligence. MIT Press. https://doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/11456.001.0001
- Asri, A. (2024). Utilization of artificial intelligence in improving student achievement. Paradoks: Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi, 7(4), 451-465. https://doi.org/10.57178/paradoks.v7i4.990
- Atasever, M. (2021). Yapay zekânın yönetici verimliliğini artırma potansiyeli üzerine bir değerlendirme. Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 4(11), 1110-1120. https://doi.org/10.26677/TR1010.2021.865
- Batu, D., & Taşdan, M. (2025). Okul yöneticilerinin okulların dijital dönüşümüne ilişkin farkındalıklarının incelenmesi. Manas Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 14(1), 70-87. https://doi.org/10.33206/mjss.1540880
- Bayne, S., & Gallagher, M. (2021). Near future teaching: Practice, policy and digital education futures. Policy Futures in Education, 19(5), 607-625. https://doi.org/10.1177/14782103211026446
- Bellibaş, M. Ş., Özgenel, M., & Bozkurt, A. (2025). Principals’ artificial intelligence literacy and leadership self-efficacy: The technology acceptance model. The Asia-Pacific Education Researcher. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40299-025-01059-w
- Berkovich, I. (2025). The rise of AI-assisted instructional leadership: Empirical survey of generative AI integration in school leadership and management work. Frontiers in Education, (10), 1643023. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2025.1643023
- Büyüköztürk, Ş., Kılıç Çakmak, E., Akgün, Ö. E., Karadeniz, Ş., & Demirel, F. (2020). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri (27th ed.). Pegem Akademi.
- Chai, C. S., Lin, P. Y., Jong, M. S. Y., Dai, Y., Chiu, T. K., & Qin, J. (2021). Perceptions of and behavioral intentions towards learning artificial intelligence in primary school students. Educational Technology & Society, 24(3), 89-101. https://www.jstor.org/stable/27032858
- Creighton, T. B. (2018). Digital natives, digital immigrants, digital learners: An international empirical integrative review of the literature. Education Leadership Review, 19(1), 132-140. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1200802.pdf
- Creswell, J. W., & Clark, V. L. P. (2018). Designing and conducting mixed methods research. Sage.
- Crompton, H., Jones, M. V., & Burke, D. (2024). Affordances and challenges of artificial intelligence in K-12 education: A systematic review. Journal of Research on Technology in Education, 56(3), 248-268. https://doi.org/10.1080/15391523.2022.2121344
- Corbeil, M. E. & Corbeil, J. R. (2021). Establishing trust in artificial intelligence in education. In J. Paliszkiewicz & K. Chen (Eds.), Trust, organizations and the digital economy (pp. 49-60). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003165965-5
- Çelik, M., Yılmaz, K., & Arık, R. S. (2025). Okul yöneticileri okulların dijital dönüşümünün ne kadar farkında? Uluslararası Eğitimde Mükemmellik Arayışı Dergisi (UEMAD), 5(1), 10-23. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/4599346
- Dai, R., Thomas, M. K. E., & Rawolle, S. (2025). The roles of AI and educational leaders in AI-assisted administrative decision-making: A proposed framework for symbiotic collaboration. The Australian Educational Researcher, 52(2), 1471-1487. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13384-024-00771-8
- Davis, F. D. (1987). User acceptance of information systems: The technology acceptance model (TAM) (Working paper 529). School of Business Administration, University of Michigan. https://quod.lib.umich.edu/b/busadwp/images/b/1/4/b1409190.0001.001.pdf
- Harris, A., & Jones, M. (2020). COVID 19-school leadership in disruptive times. School Leadership & Management, 40(4), 243-247. https://doi.org/10.1080/13632434.2020.1811479
- Helsper, E. J., & Eynon, R. (2010). Digital natives: Where is the evidence? British Educational Research Journal, 36(3), 503-520. https://doi.org/10.1080/01411920902989227
- Ertmer, P. A., & Ottenbreit-Leftwich, A. T. (2010). Teacher technology change: How knowledge, confidence, beliefs, and culture intersect. Journal of Research on Technology in Education, 42(3), 255-284. https://doi.org/10.1080/15391523.2010.10782551
- Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39-50. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224378101800104
- Fullan, M., Azorín, C., Harris, A., & Jones, M. (2024). Artificial intelligence and school leadership: Challenges, opportunities and implications. School Leadership & Management, 44(4), 339-346. https://doi.org/10.1080/13632434.2023.2246856
- Glesne, C. (2011). Becoming qualitative researchers: Introduction to qualitative research (A. Ersoy & P. Yalçınoğlu, Eds. & Trans.). Pegem
- Göçen, A., & Döğer, M. F. (2025). A global perspective on artificial intelligence in educational leadership. The Journal of Educational Research, 118(6), 752-770. https://doi.org/10.1080/00220671.2025.2510397
- Hernández-Orallo, J. (2025). Enhancement and assessment in the AI age: An extended mind perspective. Journal of Pacific Rim Psychology, (19). https://doi.org/10.1177/18344909241309376
- HolonIQ. (2023, January 17). Global education technology market report 2023. https://www.holoniq.com/notes/2023-global-education-outlook?utm_source
- Howard, S. K., Tondeur, J., Ma, J., & Yang, J. (2021). What to teach? Strategies for developing digital competency in preservice teacher training. Computers & Education, (165), 104149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2021.104149
- İmamoğlu, S. Z., İmamoğlu, S. E., Avsuz, A. A., & Türkcan, H. (2024). Dönüşümsel liderlik ve örgütsel çevikliğin dijital dönüşüm üzerine etkisi. Manisa Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 22(2), 311-328. https://doi.org/10.18026/cbayarsos.1466131
- Kafa, A. (2025). Exploring integration aspects of school leadership in the context of digitalization and artificial intelligence. International Journal of Educational Management, 39(8), 98-115. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEM-11-2024-0703
- Kraus, S., Schiavone, F., Pluzhnikova, A., & Invernizzi, A. C. (2021). Digital transformation in healthcare: Analyzing the current state-of-research. Journal of Business Research, (123), 557-567. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.10.030
- Leithwood, K., Sun, J., & Schumacker, R. (2020). How school leadership influences student learning: A test of “The four paths model”. Educational Administration Quarterly, 56(4), 570-599. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013161X19878772
- Luckin, R. (2018). Machine learning and human intelligence: The future of education for the 21st century. UCL Institute of Education Press.
- Merriam, S. B. (2015). Qualitative research methods: A guide for pattern oath application (S. Turan, Ed. & Trans.). Nobel.
- Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı. (2025). Eğitimde yapay zekâ politika belgesi ve eylem planı (2025-2029). https://yegitek.meb.gov.tr/meb_iys_dosyalar/2025_06/17092340_egitimdeyapayzekapolitikabelgesiveeylemplani202520291.pdf
- Mogas, J., Palau, R., Fuentes, M., & Cebrián, G. (2022). Smart schools on the way: How school principals from Catalonia approach the future of education within the fourth industrial revolution. Learning Environments Research, 25(3), 875-893. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10984-021-09398-3
- Nubun, C. C., Hassan, Z., & Hamidi, C. C. (2024). Exploring digital leadership competencies among school administrators and digital maturity in Sarawak, Malaysia: From teachers' perspectives. Pakistan Journal of Life & Social Sciences, 22(2), 2994-3009. https://doi.org/10.57239/PJLSS-2024-22.2.00220
- OECD. (2023). Digital education outlook 2023: Leading in the digital age. https://www.oecd.org/en/publications/oecd-digital-education-outlook-2023_c74f03de-en.html
- Patton, M. Q. (2002). Qualitative research and evaluation methods (3rd ed.). Sage.
- Prensky, M. (2001). Digital natives, digital immigrants Part 2: Do they really think differently? On the Horizon, 9(6), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1108/10748120110424843
- Salas-Pilco, S. Z., Xiao, K., & Hu, X. (2022). Artificial intelligence and learning analytics in teacher education: A systematic review. Education Sciences, 12(8), 569. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci12080569
- Schober, M. F. (2018). The future of face-to-face interviewing. Quality Assurance in Education, 26(2), 290-302. https://doi.org/10.1108/QAE-06-2017-0033
- Selwyn, N. (2019). Should robots replace teachers? AI and the future of education. John Wiley & Sons.
- Selwyn, N. (2022). Education and technology: Key issues and debates (3rd ed.). Bloomsbury Academic. https://doi.org/10.5040/9781350145573
- Seriki, F., & Köprülü, F. (2024). The future of school administrators’ perspectives on artificial intelligence and educational change: Artificial intelligence and educational change. Near East University Online Journal of Education, 7(1), 30-41. https://dergi.neu.edu.tr/index.php/neuje/article/view/968
- Steele, L. (2024). Artificial intelligence and leadership. In J. Bratton & L. Steele (Eds.), Artificial intelligence and work: Transforming work, organizations, and society in an age of insecurity (pp. 174-192). Sage.
- Taktak, M. (2025a). From classrooms to codes: Measuring the perceptions of school administrators and teachers towards artificial intelligence. Pegem Journal of Education and Instruction, 15(4), 846-860. https://www.pegegog.net/index.php/pegegog/article/view/4109/1168
- Taktak, M. (2025b). Mind companion: How ChatGPT shapes teaching and research in higher education. International Journal of Technology in Education (IJTE), 8(3), 652-666. https://doi.org/10.46328/ijte.1170
- Taktak, M., & Özgenel, M. (2023). Agile school scale: Validity and reliability study. International Journal of Educational Administration and Leadership: Theory and Practice, 2(2), 97-112. https://doi.org/10.52380/ijedal.2023.2.2.21
- Taktak, M., Bellibas, M. S., & Özgenel, M. (2024). Use of ChatGPT in education: Future strategic road map with SWOT analysis. Educational Process: International Journal, 13(3), 7-21. https://doi.org/10.22521/edupij.2024.133.1
- Taşdemir, A., Tuncer, M., Solmaz, İ., & Karabadan, E. (2024). Okul müdürlerinin dijital liderlik davranışlarının dönüşümcü liderlik ve okul iklimi aracılığı ile öğrenci başarısı üzerine etkisi. Ulusal Eğitim Dergisi, 4(12), 20253-20253. https://uleder.com/index.php/uleder/article/view/541
- Van Dijk, J. (2020). The digital divide (2nd ed.). Polity Press.
- Venkatesh, V., & Bala, H. (2008). Technology acceptance model 3 and a research agenda on interventions. Decision Sciences, 39(2), 273-315. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-5915.2008.00192.x
- Yıldırım, A, & Şimşek, H. (2016). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri. Seçkin.
- Williamson, B., & Eynon, R. (2020). Historical threads, missing links, and future directions in AI in education. Learning, Media and Technology, 45(3), 223-235. https://doi.org/10.1080/17439884.2020.1798995
- Zawacki-Richter, O., Marín, V. I., Bond, M., & Gouverneur, F. (2019). Systematic review of AI in higher education. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, (16), 39. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-019-0171-0
Telif hakkı ve lisans
Telif Hakkı © 2026 Yazar(lar). Açık erişimli bu makale, orijinal çalışmaya uygun şekilde atıfta bulunulması koşuluyla, herhangi bir ortamda veya formatta sınırsız kullanım, dağıtım ve çoğaltmaya izin veren Creative Commons Atıf Lisansı (CC BY) altında dağıtılmıştır.