The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of some variables about teachinglearning process on student’s scientific literacy levels over 15 year-old students in Turkey on the context of PISA 2006. The research has been conducted on 4942 students. Structural equation model was used in determining the predicting power of the variables concerning the 15 year olds’ scientific literacy levels. According to the findings of the research, “spending time for learning” is the most predictive variable for the 15 year old students’ scientific literacy levels in Turkey. Then variables such as making experiments and inquiry-based learning activities in the teaching-learning process followed. It was determined that self concept and attitudes toward science variables have not an effect on students’ scientific literacy level.

Keywords: PISA 2006, scientific literacy, structural equation model